SQL Server中的XML数据进行insert、update、delete

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SQL Server中新增加了XML.Modify()方法，分别为xml.modify(insert),xml.modify(delete),xml.modify(replace)对应XML的插入，删除和修改操作。
本文以下面XML为例，对三种DML进行说明：
declare
@XMLVar xml = '
catalog
book category="ITPro"
titleWindows Step By Step/title
authorBill Zack/author
price49.99/price
/book
book category="Developer"
titleDeveloping ADO .NET/title
authorAndrew Brust/author
price39.93/price
/book
book category="ITPro"
titleWindows Cluster Server/title
authorStephen Forte/author
price59.99/price
/book
/catalog
'
1.XML.Modify(Insert)语句介绍
A.利用as first,at last,before,after四个参数将元素插入指定的位置
set
@XMLVar.modify
(
'insert first name="at first" / as first into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
)
set
@XMLVar.modify
(
'insert last name="at last"/ as last into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
)
set
@XMLVar.modify
(
'insert before name="before"/ before (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])'
)
set
@XMLVar.modify
(
'insert after name="after"/ after (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])'
)
SELECT
@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]'
);
结果集为：
book category="ITPro"

first name="at first"
/
titleWindows Step By Step/title
before name="before"
/
authorBill Zack/author
after name="after"
/
price49.99/price
last name="at last"
/
/book
B.将多个元素插入文档中
--方法一：利用变量进行插入
DECLARE @newFeatures xml;
SET @newFeatures = N'

firstone element/first
secondsecond element/second'
SET @XMLVar.modify('
)
insert sql:variable("@newFeatures")
into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
--方法二：直接插入
set @XMLVar.modify('
)
insert (firstone element/first,secondsecond element/second)
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]'
);
结果集为：
1:

book
category
="ITPro"

2:

title

Windows Step By Step/
title

3:

author

Bill Zack
4:

first

one element/
first

5:

second

second element/
second

6:
/
author

7:

price

49.99/
price

8:

first

one element/
first

9:

second

second element/
second

10:
/
book

C.将属性插入文档中
--使用变量插入
declare @var nvarchar(10) = '变量插入'
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert (attribute var {sql:variable("@var")})
)
into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
--直接插入
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert (attribute name {"直接插入"})
)
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])'
--多值插入
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert (attribute Id {"多值插入1"},attribute name {"多值插入2"})
)
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]'
);
结果集为：
1:
book category="ITPro"
var="变量插入"

2:
title name="直接插入"
Windows Step By Step/title
3:
author Id="多值插入1"
name="多值插入2"
Bill Zack/author
4:
price49.99/price
5:
/book
D.插入文本节点
set
@XMLVar.modify
(
'insert text{"at first"} as first
)
into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
SELECT
@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]'
);
结果集为：
1:

book
category
="ITPro"

2:
at first
3:

title

Windows Step By Step/
title

4:

author

Bill Zack/
author

5:

price

49.99/
price

6:
/
book

注意：插入本文同样具体 as first，as last，before，after四种选项，可以参考A中的使用方法
E.插入注释节点
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert !--插入评论--
)
before (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]'
);
结果集为：
1:
book category="ITPro"

2:
!--插入评论--
3:
titleWindows Step By Step/title
4:
authorBill Zack/author
5:
price49.99/price
6:
/book
注意插入注释节点同样具体 as first，as last，before，after四种选项，可以参考A中的使用方法
F.插入处理指令
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert ?Program "Instructions.exe" ?
)
before (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]'
);
结果集为：
1: bookcategory="ITPro"
2: ?Program"Instructions.exe"?
3: titleWindows Step By Step/title
4: authorBill Zack/author
5: price49.99/price
6: /book
注意插入处理指令同样具体 as first，as last，before，after四种选项，可以参考A中的使用方法
G.根据 if 条件语句进行插入
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert
)
if (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[2]) then
text{"this is a 1 step"}
else ( text{"this is a 2 step"} )
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/price[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]'
);
结果集为：
1: book category="ITPro"
2: titleWindows Step By Step/title
3: authorBill Zack/author
4: price49.99this isa 2 step/price
5: /book
2.XML.Modify(delete)语句介绍
--删除属性
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[1]/@category')
--删除节点
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1]')
--删除内容
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1]/text()')
--全部删除
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[2]')
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]');
结果集为：
1: catalog
2: book
3: author /
4: price49.99/price
5: /book
6: book category="ITPro"
7: titleWindows Cluster Server/title
8: authorStephen Forte/author
9: price59.99/price
10: /book
11: /catalog
3.XML.Modify(replace)语句介绍
--替换属性
set @XMLVar.modify('replace value of(/catalog[1]/book[1]/@category))
with ("替换属性")'
--替换内容
set @XMLVar.modify('replace value of(/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1]/text()[1]))
with("替换内容")'
--条件替换
set @XMLVar.modify('replace value of (/catalog[1]/book[2]/@category))
with(
if(count(/catalog[1]/book)4) then
"条件替换1"
else
"条件替换2")'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]'
);
结果集为：
1: catalog
2: bookcategory="替换属性"
3: titleWindows Step By Step/title
4: author替换内容/author
5: price49.99/price
6: /book
7: bookcategory="条件替换2"
8: title
Developing ADO .NET/title
9:
author
Andrew Brust/author
10: price39.93/price
11: /book
12: bookcategory="ITPro"
13: titleWindows Cluster Server/title
14: authorStephen Forte/author
15: price59.99/price
16: /book
17: /catalog