用C#创建PDA应用程序的柱形图控件

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　　VS.net本身并不提供智能设备(如PDA)应用程序的柱形图，开发智能设备应用程序时VS.net并不象Window应用程序那样提供用户自定义控件。在本文中，您将创建一个以柱形图显示的 PDAChartControl自定义控件。还将创建一个使用此 PDAChartControl自定义控件的智能设备应用程序。为了完成开发工作，您将执行这些过程：

　　 创建该 PDAChartControl 自定义控件的运行时版本。

　　 编译该 PDAChartControl 自定义控件的设计时版本。

　　 将该控件添加到工具箱中。

　　 创建一个使用该 PDAChartControl 自定义控件的智能设备应用程序。

　　 在智能设备应用程序中测试该控件。

　　本文的重点不在于编写控件的代码，而在于如何创建设计时自定义控件以及如何将它添加到"工具箱"中。

　　生成自定义控件

　　第一步是使用智能设备类库模板创建新项目并生成控件。

　　创建自定义控件

　　1. 在"文件"菜单上指向"新建"，然后单击"项目"。

　　2. 在"新建项目"对话框中的"项目类型"下，单击"Visual C# 项目"，并在"模板"下单击"智能设备应用程序"。

　　3. 在"名称"框中，键入"PDAChartControlControl"，然后单击"确定"。

　　4. 在"智能设备应用程序向导"中，单击上窗格中的"Pocket PC"和下窗格中的"类库"，然后单击"确定"。

　　创建了一个新项目，Class1.cs 在代码编辑器中打开。

　　由于已经创建用于该控件的项目，接下来可以向项目中添加引用、更改代码以及编译 PDAChartControl 自定义控件的运行时版本。

　　编译自定义控件的运行时版本

　　1. 在解决方案资源管理器中，右击 Class1.cs 并单击"重命名"。

　　2. 重命名文件 PDAChartControlControl.cs。

　　注意 如果没有打开解决方案资源管理器，请单击"视图"菜单上的"解决方案资源管理器"。

　　用下列代码替换 PDAChartControlControl.cs 中的代码：

//*****************************************************************************// PDAChartControlControlusing System;using System.Collections;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Drawing;using System.Data;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[assembly: System.CF.Design.RuntimeAssemblyAttribute("PDAChartControl, Version=1.10.0.0, _Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null")]namespace PDAChartControl{/// summary/// Summary description for UserControl1./// /summarypublic class PDAChart : System.Windows.Forms.Control{public System.Windows.Forms.HScrollBar hScrollBar1;/// summary/// Required designer variable./// /summary// Delegate declaration.// public delegate void EventHandler(string text,Color BackColor,int Height);//// //声明事件的委托：// //public delegate void MyEventHandler(string text,Color BackColor,int Height);// //定义一个公共事件成员// public event EventHandler AddCube;// protected virtual void OnAddCube(EventArgs e)// {//// }//private PDAChartControl.MyGraph objGraph=new MyGraph();private Point mBeginPoint=new Point(0,0) ;private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;public PDAChart(){　InitializeComponent();}public enum ChartTypeEnum { PillarChart, CakeChart ,BreakLinkChart};#region Windows 属性定义private bool mhScrollBarVisible=true;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(0)][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取滚动条是否可见")]#endifpublic bool hScrollBarVisible{　get　{　　return mhScrollBarVisible;　}　set　{　　mhScrollBarVisible =value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private ChartTypeEnum mChartType=ChartTypeEnum.PillarChart;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(0)][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取图形类型")]#endifpublic ChartTypeEnum ChartType{　get　{　　return mChartType;　}　　set　{　　mChartType =value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private int mPicHeight=20;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(0)][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取饼图高")]#endifpublic int PicHeight{　get　{　　return mPicHeight;　}　set　{　　mPicHeight =value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private Font mTitleFont =new Font("Arial", 9, FontStyle.Regular);#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取文本字体")]#endifpublic Font TitleFont{　get　{　　return mTitleFont;　}　set　{　　mTitleFont=value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private Font mTextFont =new Font("Arial", 8, FontStyle.Regular);#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取文本字体")]#endifpublic Font TextFont{　get　{　　return mTextFont;　}　set　{　　mTextFont=value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private static DataTable mDataTable=new DataTable() ;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取数据表")]#endifpublic DataTable dataTable{　get　{　　return mDataTable;　}　set　{　　mDataTable=(DataTable)value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private string mShowColumnName;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取显示列")]#endifpublic string ShowColumnName{　get　{　　return mShowColumnName;　}　set　{　　mShowColumnName=value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private string mDataColumnName;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取数据列")]#endifpublic string DataColumnName{　get　{　　return mDataColumnName;　}　set　{　　mDataColumnName=value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private string mTitle="统计图";#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute("图表")][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取标题")]#endifpublic string Title{　get　{　　return mTitle;　}　set　{　　mTitle=value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private ArrayList mCubeData;#if !NETCFDESIGNTIME//The actual Data used to draw the line on the graphpublic ICollection CubeData{　get　{　　return mCubeData;　}　set　{　　mCubeData = new ArrayList(value);　　Rectangle rcClient = this.ClientRectangle;　　Rectangle rcGraphClient = new Rectangle(rcClient.X + 21, rcClient.Y + 5, rcClient.Width - 21, rcClient.Height - 21);　　this.Invalidate(rcGraphClient);　}}#endifprivate Color mBackColor=System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlLight;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(0)][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取背景颜色")]#endifpublic override Color BackColor{　get　{　　return mBackColor;　}　set　{　　mBackColor =value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private Color mAxesXColor=System.Drawing.SystemColors.HighlightText;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(0)][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取X轴颜色")]#endifpublic Color AxesXColor{　get　{　　return mAxesXColor;　}　set　{　　mAxesXColor =value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private Color mAxesYColor=System.Drawing.SystemColors.Info;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(0)][System.ComponentModel.Description("设置/读取Y轴颜色")]#endifpublic Color AxesYColor{　get　{　　return mAxesYColor;　}　set　{　　mAxesYColor =value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private int mLenght = 4;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME// These design time attributes affect appearance of this property in the property grid.[System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(5)][System.ComponentModel.Description("立体长")]#endif//The lower Y bound of the PDAChartpublic int Lenght{　get　{　　return mLenght;　}　set　{　　mLenght = value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private int mMaxYValue ;//图表Y轴最大值private int mMaxXValue ;//图表X轴最大值private Color mGridLineColor=System.Drawing.Color.Cyan;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME[System.ComponentModel.Category("PDAChart")][System.ComponentModel.Description("网格线的颜色.")]#endif//The color of the line of the PDAChart.public Color GridLineColor{　get　{　　return mGridLineColor;　}　set　{　　mGridLineColor =value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private bool mShowXText = true;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME// These design time attributes affect appearance of this property in the property grid.[System.ComponentModel.Category("Chart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(true)][System.ComponentModel.Description("是否显示X轴的文本")]#endif// If true, shows the Y-Values on the left of the PDAChartpublic bool IsShowXText{　get　{　　return mShowXText;　}　set　{　　mShowXText = value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private bool mShowYText = true;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME// These design time attributes affect appearance of this property in the property grid.[System.ComponentModel.Category("Chart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(true)][System.ComponentModel.Description("是否显示Y轴的数字")]#endif// If true, shows the Y-Values on the left of the PDAChartpublic bool IsShowYText{　get　{　　return mShowYText;　}　set　{　　mShowYText = value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private bool mShowXScale = true;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME// These design time attributes affect appearance of this property in the property grid.[System.ComponentModel.Category("Chart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(true)][System.ComponentModel.Description("是否显示X轴的刻度.")]#endif// If true, shows the X-Values on the bottom of the PDAChartpublic bool IsShowXScale{　get　{　　return mShowXScale;　}　set　{　　mShowXScale = value;　　this.Invalidate();　}　　}private bool mShowYScale = true;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME// These design time attributes affect appearance of this property in the property grid.[System.ComponentModel.Category("Chart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(true)][System.ComponentModel.Description("是否显示Y轴的刻度")]#endif// If true, shows the Y-Values on the left of the PDAChartpublic bool IsShowYScale{　get　{　　return mShowYScale;　}　set　{　　mShowYScale = value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}private bool mShowGrid = true;#if NETCFDESIGNTIME// These design time attributes affect appearance of this property in the property grid.[System.ComponentModel.Category("Chart")][System.ComponentModel.DefaultValueAttribute(false)][System.ComponentModel.Description("是否显示网格线")]#endif// If true, shows horiztonal grid lines on the PDAChart.public bool IsShowGrid{　get　{　　return mShowGrid;　}　set　{　　mShowGrid = value;　　this.Invalidate();　}}#endregion/// summary/// Clean up any resources being used./// /summaryprotected override void Dispose( bool disposing ){　if( disposing )　{　　if( components != null )　　　components.Dispose();　}　base.Dispose( disposing );}#region Component Designer generated code/// summary/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify/// the contents of this method with the Code Editor./// /summaryprivate void InitializeComponent(){　this.Paint += new System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventHandler(this.OnPaint);　this.hScrollBar1 = new System.Windows.Forms.HScrollBar();　this.hScrollBar1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(1, 100);　this.hScrollBar1.Maximum = 1;　this.hScrollBar1.LargeChange = 1;　this.hScrollBar1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 16);　this.hScrollBar1.ValueChanged += new System.EventHandler(this.hScrollBar1_ValueChanged);　this.Controls.Add(this.hScrollBar1);}#endregion//// private ArrayList mCudeData;protected override void OnResize(EventArgs e){　//this.Refresh();}Graphics mGraphics;Pen mBlackPen=new Pen(Color.Black);//偏差int TopHeightWarp=16; //顶偏差(文本高)int LeftWidthWarp=0; //左偏差(最大数据文本宽)int UnderHeightWarp=10; //底偏差(底文本高)int BetweenLineHeight=10;//水平线的高int LineCount=10;//水平线数// //This Paint function uses routines common to both platforms.int ClientHeight;int mWidth;int YHeight;Rectangle rcClient;System.Drawing.Region Region1;public void OnPaint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e){　//base.Paint(null,e);　mGraphics=e.Graphics;　//读取数据　this.rcClient = this.ClientRectangle;　Region1=new Region ( this.rcClient);　Region1=Region1.Clone();　ClientHeight=rcClient.Height;　objGraph.mGraphics=e.Graphics; //mGraphics.MeasureString//　//计算最大的x轴、y轴坐标　CountMaxScaleXScaleY();　UnderHeightWarp=(int)objGraph.mGraphics.MeasureString("文本",this.mTextFont).Height+5;　UnderHeightWarp+=this.hScrollBar1.Height;　//作图的范围区（开始点、长、宽、高）　mBeginPoint.X =this.ClientRectangle.X+LeftWidthWarp ;　mBeginPoint.Y =this.ClientRectangle.Y+rcClient.Height-UnderHeightWarp ;　//写标题　DrawTitle(rcClient);　int Width=rcClient.Width-this.mLenght-LeftWidthWarp;　mWidth=Width;　int Height=rcClient.Height-this.mLenght-TopHeightWarp-UnderHeightWarp;　this.YHeight= Height;　int Lenght=this.mLenght;　//设置流动条　// this.hScrollBar1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, rcClient.Y+rcClient.Height);　InitPage();　if (this.hScrollBarVisible)　{　　this.hScrollBar1.Left=0;　　this.hScrollBar1.Top=rcClient.Height-this.hScrollBar1.Height ;　　this.hScrollBar1.Maximum=this.PageCount-1;　　if(rcClient.Width246)　　　this.hScrollBar1.Width= rcClient.Width;　　else　　　this.hScrollBar1.Width=246;　}　else　{　　this.hScrollBar1.Left=0;　　this.hScrollBar1.Top=0 ;　}　//从此分别画图　if (this.mMaxYValue10)　{　　//水平网络线　　this.BetweenLineHeight=(int)objGraph.mGraphics.MeasureString("文本",this.mTextFont).Height;　　this.LineCount=Height/BetweenLineHeight;　}　else　{　　this.BetweenLineHeight=Height/10;　　//线数应该是能整　　this.LineCount=10;　}　//画与它父相同背景颜色的区域，以隐藏角边　Color ParentBackColor=Color.Brown;　objGraph.DrawRectangle( ParentBackColor,new Point(0,0),rcClient.Width,rcClient.Height);　e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(new Pen(ParentBackColor), rcClient);　objGraph.DrawPDAChart(this.mGridLineColor, this.mAxesXColor,this.mAxesYColor,_　this.mBackColor,mBeginPoint,Lenght,Width,Height, this.mShowXScale,this.mShowYScale);　//画线和左文本(内部左下点)　Point p=mBeginPoint;　p.X+=this.mLenght;　p.Y-=this.mLenght;　DrawGridLineAndTexts(p,Width);　//mBeginPoint　//画矩形与写文本　//CreateCubes(mBeginPoint,Width,rcClient.Height);　//mBeginPoint.X+=10;　CreatePageCubes(mBeginPoint,Width,ClientHeight);　DrawTitle(rcClient);}}//以左下坐标p，颜色color,长Lenght,宽Width,高Height,x轴文本textX，画立体图public void AddOneCube(string textX,Point p,Color color,int Lenght,int Width, int Height){　try　{　　objGraph.DrawCube (color,p,Lenght,Width,Height);　　//文本　　int txtWidth=(int)objGraph.mGraphics.MeasureString(textX,mTextFont).Width;　　int txtHeight=(int)objGraph.mGraphics.MeasureString(textX,mTextFont).Height;　　int x=(p.X+Width/2)-txtWidth/2;　　int y=p.Y+txtHeight/2;　　this.objGraph.DrawText(textX,Color.Black,this.mTextFont,x,y-5);　}　catch(Exception ex)　{　　string str=ex.Message;　}}//一页立方体图形个数int OnePageCubeCount=10;int CurrentPage=0;//当前页int PageCount=0;//多少页//水平轴的相对值int XScale;//Y轴的相对值double YScale=0.2;Color[] color={Color.Red,Color.Blue,Color.Green,Color.Yellow,Color.YellowGreen,Color.Magenta,_Color.Cyan,Color.Coral,Color.SlateGray,Color.Pink,Color.Crimson,Color.DodgerBlue,Color.Chartreuse };//计算页private void InitPage(){　if(this.OnePageCubeCount==0) return;　if (mDataTable.Rows.CountOnePageCubeCount)　　this.OnePageCubeCount=mDataTable.Rows.Count ;　if(this.OnePageCubeCount==0) return;　　PageCount=mDataTable.Rows.Count/this.OnePageCubeCount;　//水平轴的相对值　XScale=Width/this.OnePageCubeCount ;　//Y轴的相对值　if(this.mMaxYValue=0) return;　{　　if(this.mMaxYValue==0) return;　　this.YScale=double.Parse(this.YHeight.ToString())/double.Parse( this.mMaxYValue.ToString() ) ;//System.Math.　　//this.YScale=double.Parse(this.YScale.ToString())/double.Parse(this.LineCount.ToString() );　}　// this.YScale=double.Parse(System.Convert.ToString(1))/double.Parse( this.mMaxYValue.ToString() ) ;//System.Math.}private void hScrollBar1_ValueChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e){　//OnPaint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)　//清画出的图　this.CurrentPage=hScrollBar1.Value;　// if (mGraphics.Clip==null)　// {　　mGraphics=this.CreateGraphics ();　　this.objGraph.mGraphics=mGraphics;　// }　//mGraphics.Clip=this.Region1;　//画矩形与写文本，最多一屏　//mGraphics.Clear(this.mBackColor) ;　//mGraphics.ResetClip();　//CreatePageCubes(mBeginPoint,Width,ClientHeight);　System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e1=new PaintEventArgs( mGraphics,this.rcClient);　OnPaint(null,e1);}public void NextPage(){　this.objGraph.mGraphics=this.CreateGraphics ();　this.CurrentPage++;　Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(10,10);　Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm);　if (this.CurrentPagethis.PageCount)　　this.CurrentPage--;　//画矩形与写文本，最多一屏　//mGraphics.Clear(Color.Red) ;　//mGraphics.ResetClip();　CreatePageCubes(mBeginPoint,Width,ClientHeight);}//在左下顶点，宽Width，高Height建立立方体private void CreatePageCubes(Point BeginP ,int Width,int Height){　if(mDataTable.Rows.Count==0) return;　int Between=10;　switch(this.OnePageCubeCount)　{　　case 1:　　　Between= mWidth/2;　　　break;　　case 2:　　　Between= mWidth/3;　　　break;　　case 3:　　　Between= mWidth/4;　　　break;　　case 4:　　　Between= mWidth/5;　　　break;　　case 5:　　　Between= mWidth/6;　　　break;　　case 6:　　　Between= mWidth/7;　　　break;　　case 7:　　　Between= mWidth/8-1;　　　break;　　case 8:　　　Between= mWidth/9-2;　　　break;　　case 9:　　　Between=mWidth/9-5;　　　break;　　case 10:　　　Between=mWidth/10-5;　　　break;　}int RowIndex=this.OnePageCubeCount*this.CurrentPage;Point p=BeginP;//dr.p.X-=8;for ( int i=0;ithis.OnePageCubeCount;i++ ){//p.X= this.XScale*(i+1)+10;p.X+=Between+this.mLenght;double CubeHeight=this.YScale*System.Convert.ToInt32(mDataTable.Rows[RowIndex][this.mDataColumnName]);//if ((p.X = 0) && (p.X = Width) && (p.Y = 0) && (p.Y = Height))//{string text=mDataTable.Rows[RowIndex][this.mShowColumnName].ToString() ;string Data=mDataTable.Rows[RowIndex][this.mDataColumnName].ToString() ;int ColorIndex=RowIndex;if (ColorIndex=color.Length)ColorIndex=color.Length-1;if (this.mShowXText==false) text=" ";AddOneCube(text,p,color[i],this.mLenght,this.mLenght+4,System.Convert.ToInt32(CubeHeight));/